Introduction
Square pizza, often referred to as “Sicilian pizza,” has a rich history and distinctive characteristics that set it apart from the more common round pizza. Sicilian pizza, also known as “sfincione,” is known for its thick, airy crust and rectangular shape. Originating from Sicily, Italy, this style of pizza has become popular worldwide, particularly in the United States, where it has evolved into different regional variations.
Sicilian pizza is a square or rectangular pizza that traditionally features a thick, focaccia-like crust. The dough is usually allowed to rise for an extended period, resulting in a light and airy texture. The crust is typically about one inch thick, providing a substantial base for the toppings. Unlike the thin, crispy crust of Neapolitan or New York-style pizzas, Sicilian pizza offers a heartier, more filling experience.
The toppings on a traditional Sicilian pizza include tomato sauce, cheese, and a variety of herbs and spices. In Sicily, the sauce is often applied in a thick layer, and the cheese used is typically a combination of caciocavallo and pecorino. The pizza is then baked in a well-oiled pan, giving the bottom a crispy, almost fried texture.
In the United States, Sicilian pizza has taken on different forms. In some regions, particularly in New York, it is known as “grandma pizza” or “nonna pizza,” a homage to the homemade pizzas made by Italian grandmothers. This version usually features a thinner crust than the traditional Sicilian style but maintains the rectangular shape and is often topped with mozzarella and tomato sauce.
The Origin of Sicilian Pizza
The origins of Sicilian pizza can be traced back to Palermo, Sicily. The name “sfincione” comes from the Latin word “spongia,” meaning sponge, which refers to the soft and spongy texture of the crust. Sicilian pizza has been a staple in Sicilian cuisine for centuries, with recipes passed down through generations.
The traditional Sicilian pizza was a peasant dish, made with simple, readily available ingredients. It was often prepared for special occasions and holidays. The dough was made with a mixture of wheat and semolina flour, giving it a distinct texture and flavor. The toppings varied depending on what was available, but typically included a rich tomato sauce, onions, anchovies, and a sprinkling of cheese.
When Sicilian immigrants brought their culinary traditions to the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, they introduced Sicilian pizza to a new audience. Over time, the recipe evolved to suit American tastes, and the dish became a popular item in pizzerias across the country.
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Variations of Square Pizza
While Sicilian pizza is the most well-known type of square pizza, there are other regional variations worth mentioning. In Detroit, for example, a unique style of square pizza has emerged that is distinct from its Sicilian counterpart.
Detroit-style pizza is characterized by its thick, chewy crust, which is crispy on the outside and soft on the inside. The dough is pressed into a rectangular, deep-dish pan, often lined with oil or butter to create a caramelized edge. The toppings are layered in reverse order, with cheese applied directly to the dough, followed by pepperoni or other meats, and then a hearty layer of tomato sauce. This method helps to keep the crust light and fluffy while ensuring the toppings are cooked to perfection.
Another variation of square pizza is Roman pizza al taglio, which translates to “pizza by the cut.” This style of pizza is sold by weight and cut into squares or rectangles. It is typically baked in large, rectangular trays and features a thin, crispy crust. The toppings vary widely, ranging from simple margherita to more elaborate combinations like potato and rosemary or zucchini and ricotta.
Why Choose Square Pizza?
Square pizza offers several advantages over its round counterpart. One of the most notable benefits is the increased surface area, which allows for more toppings and a greater variety of flavors in each bite. The thicker crust of Sicilian and Detroit-style pizzas also provides a more satisfying, filling meal.
The rectangular shape of square pizza makes it easier to cut into uniform pieces, which is ideal for serving at parties or gatherings. This format also allows for more even cooking, ensuring that each slice is perfectly baked.
Square pizza is also a versatile dish that can be adapted to suit different tastes and dietary preferences. Whether you prefer a traditional Sicilian pizza with simple, classic toppings or a more modern creation with gourmet ingredients, there is a square pizza to suit every palate.
The Cultural Impact of Square Pizza
Square pizza has made a significant impact on the culinary world, particularly in the United States. It has become a beloved comfort food, enjoyed by people of all ages and backgrounds. The popularity of square pizza has also led to the creation of numerous pizzerias and restaurants dedicated to this unique style.
In cities like New York and Detroit, square pizza has become a cultural icon. Pizzerias specializing in Sicilian and Detroit-style pizza are often family-owned establishments that have been serving their communities for generations. These pizzerias are cherished not only for their delicious food but also for their role in preserving culinary traditions and bringing people together.
Square pizza has also influenced the broader pizza industry, inspiring chefs and home cooks to experiment with new recipes and techniques. The rise of gourmet and artisanal pizza has led to the development of innovative toppings and flavor combinations, further expanding the possibilities of this beloved dish.
Square VS Round Pizza
The primary difference between square and round pizza lies in their shape, crust, and preparation method. Square pizzas, like Sicilian and Detroit-style, are baked in rectangular or square pans, resulting in their characteristic shape. In contrast, round pizzas are typically hand-tossed or rolled into a circular shape and baked on a flat surface or in a circular pan.
Crust Thickness and Texture: Square pizzas usually have a thicker, more substantial crust compared to their round counterparts. Sicilian pizza has a focaccia-like, airy crust, while Detroit-style pizza features a thick, chewy crust with a crispy, caramelized edge. On the other hand, round pizzas, such as Neapolitan or New York-style, often have a thinner, more pliable crust that can range from soft and chewy to crisp and crunchy.
Baking Method: The baking method also differs significantly between square and round pizzas. Square pizzas are typically baked in well-oiled pans, which gives the bottom of the crust a unique, almost fried texture. This method also helps to create the distinctive edges found in Detroit-style pizza. In contrast, round pizzas are usually baked directly on a pizza stone or oven floor, which results in a more uniform, evenly cooked crust.
Toppings and Layering: The layering of toppings can vary between square and round pizzas. Sicilian pizza often features a thick layer of tomato sauce on top of the crust, followed by cheese and other toppings. Detroit-style pizza layers cheese directly on the dough, then toppings, and finishes with sauce. Round pizzas typically follow the traditional sequence of sauce, cheese, and toppings, allowing for a more even distribution of flavors.
Serving and Portioning: Square pizzas are often cut into smaller, uniform pieces, making them ideal for sharing at parties or gatherings. This can be particularly convenient for portion control and ensures that each piece has a good balance of crust, sauce, and toppings. Round pizzas are usually sliced into triangular wedges, which can vary in size depending on how the pizza is cut.
Conclusion
Square pizza, particularly Sicilian pizza, offers a unique and delicious alternative to traditional round pizza. With its thick, airy crust and generous toppings, it provides a satisfying and flavorful dining experience. Whether enjoyed at a local pizzeria or made at home, square pizza is a versatile dish that continues to delight pizza lovers around the world.
The rich history and cultural significance of square pizza make it more than just a meal – it is a symbol of tradition, community, and culinary creativity. By exploring the different variations and techniques associated with square pizza, you can discover new flavors and expand your appreciation for this beloved dish.
FAQs
What is the difference between Sicilian pizza and Detroit-style pizza?
Sicilian pizza features a thick, focaccia-like crust with toppings applied in a traditional order, while Detroit-style pizza has a caramelized edge and toppings layered in reverse order.
Can I make square pizza at home?
Yes, you can make square pizza at home with the right ingredients and equipment. A rectangular baking pan and a well-prepared dough are essential for achieving the desired texture and flavor.
What are some popular toppings for square pizza?
Popular toppings for square pizza include traditional options like tomato sauce, mozzarella, and pepperoni, as well as gourmet combinations like potato and rosemary or zucchini and ricotta.